Guides to thesis statistics

Short answers to the questions students search for most, with the original source behind every threshold and a free tool to run the analysis.

Number first, source second. Hoot.

Reliability and validity

What is an acceptable Cronbach's alpha value?: Why .70 is the usual cut-off, where it comes from, and when .60 or .95 is a problem.
How to report Cronbach's alpha in APA 7: Sentence templates, a reliability table and the reference you need.
HTMT threshold: .85 or .90?: Which HTMT cut-off to use for discriminant validity and how to justify it.
AVE below .50: what to do: Diagnose low average variance extracted and fix it without gaming the model.
VIF threshold for multicollinearity: 3, 5 or 10?: What each VIF cut-off means and which one fits regression versus PLS-SEM.
What is an acceptable KMO value?: Kaiser's labels for sampling adequacy and what to do when KMO is low.

How to report PLS-SEM results: The measurement and structural model checklist, with tables and example wording.
PLS-SEM vs CB-SEM: which should you use?: How the two approaches differ and how to choose one you can defend.
SmartPLS vs AMOS, and free alternatives: What each program does, what it costs and the free options that give the same results.
Sample size for PLS-SEM: The 10-times rule, the inverse square root method and G*Power compared.

How many respondents do you need for a dissertation survey?: Power-based numbers for common analyses, including master's dissertations.
Free alternatives to SPSS for students: JASP, jamovi, PSPP, R and browser tools compared for thesis work.
Reverse-coded items: how to recode them: The formula, a worked example and the checks to run afterwards.
How to write the results chapter of a quantitative thesis: Structure, order of analyses and APA-style reporting.
How to find validated scale items for a questionnaire: Where to find published scales, how to adapt them and how to cite them.