Validated scale items for your questionnaire
73 published measurement scales and models used in quantitative theses, 934 items in total. Each page gives the original English wording of every item, flags reverse-coded items, describes the response scale and cites the original source in APA 7, with what the source says about permission to use it.
Original items, real sources.
Adapting items from a validated scale, rather than writing your own, is what examiners expect in a quantitative thesis: it lets you argue content validity and compare your reliability with earlier studies. Copy the items, keep the reverse-coded ones, report the response scale you used, and cite the source shown on each page. A Vietnamese translation of every scale is on the Vietnamese edition.
Technology & information systems
- IS continuance model (ECM) : Confirmation; Perceived Usefulness; Satisfaction; Continuance Intention (14 items)
- IS success scale : System Quality; Information Quality; Service Quality; User Satisfaction (16 items)
- Online learning readiness (OLRS) : Computer/Internet self-efficacy; Self-directed learning; Learner control (in an online context); Motivation for learning (in an online context); Online communication self-efficacy (18 items)
- Perceived enjoyment scale : Perceived Enjoyment (3 items)
- Perceived interactivity scale : Active Control; Two-way Communication; Synchronicity (15 items)
- Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) scale : Perceived Usefulness; Perceived Ease of Use; Behavioral Intention to Use (14 items)
- UTAUT scale : Performance Expectancy; Effort Expectancy; Social Influence; Facilitating Conditions; Behavioral Intention (19 items)
- UTAUT2 scale : Performance Expectancy; Effort Expectancy; Social Influence; Facilitating Conditions; Hedonic Motivation; Price Value; Habit; Behavioral Intention; Use (32 items)
Consumer behavior
- Behavioral intentions battery : Loyalty; Switch; Pay More; External Response; Internal Response (13 items)
- Buying impulsiveness scale : Buying Impulsiveness (9 items)
- Entrepreneurial intention (EIQ) : Personal Attitude; Subjective Norm; Perceived Behavioral Control; Entrepreneurial Intention (19 items)
- Green trust scale : Green Trust (5 items)
- Health Consciousness Scale : Health Consciousness (9 items)
- New Ecological Paradigm scale : New Ecological Paradigm (15 items)
- Perceived value scale (PERVAL) : Quality Value (Functional Value, Performance/Quality); Emotional Value; Price Value (Functional Value, Price/Value for Money); Social Value (19 items)
- Price and value consciousness : Price Consciousness; Value Consciousness (12 items)
- Shopping value scale : Hedonic Shopping Value; Utilitarian Shopping Value (15 items)
- Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) scale : Attitude toward the Behavior; Subjective Norm; Perceived Behavioral Control; Behavioral Intention (16 items)
- Trust in online vendor scale : Trust (7 items)
- Willingness to buy scale : Willingness to Buy; Perceived Quality; Perceived Value (15 items)
Service quality
- E-banking service quality (MPQe-BS) : Efficiency; Availability; Design; Contact; Security; Fulfilment (25 items)
- E-S-QUAL scale : Efficiency; System Availability; Fulfillment; Privacy; Responsiveness; Compensation; Contact (33 items)
- Patient satisfaction (PSQ-18) : General Satisfaction; Technical Quality; Interpersonal Manner; Communication; Financial Aspects; Time Spent with Doctor; Accessibility and Convenience (18 items)
- SERVPERF scale : Tangibles; Reliability; Responsiveness; Assurance; Empathy (22 items)
- SERVQUAL scale : Tangibles; Reliability; Responsiveness; Assurance; Empathy (22 items)
- Website quality (SITEQUAL) : Ease of Use; Aesthetic Design; Processing Speed; Security; Overall Site Quality (13 items)
Marketing & branding
- Attitude toward the ad and brand scales (Aad, Ab) : Attitude toward the Ad; Attitude toward the Brand (8 items)
- Brand love scale : Brand Love (6 items)
- Brand trust, affect & loyalty : Brand Trust; Brand Affect; Purchase Loyalty; Attitudinal Loyalty (11 items)
- Consumer-based brand equity : Brand Loyalty; Perceived Quality; Brand Awareness/Associations; Overall Brand Equity (14 items)
- eWOM scale : Electronic Word of Mouth (6 items)
- Social media marketing activities : Entertainment; Interaction; Trendiness; Customization; Word of Mouth (11 items)
- Source credibility scale : Attractiveness; Trustworthiness; Expertise (15 items)
HRM & organizational behavior
- In-role performance scale : In-Role Behavior (7 items)
- Innovative work behavior scale : Idea Generation; Idea Promotion; Idea Realization (9 items)
- Job insecurity scale : Quantitative Job Insecurity; Qualitative Job Insecurity (7 items)
- Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS) : Pay; Promotion; Supervision; Fringe Benefits; Contingent Rewards; Operating Procedures; Coworkers; Nature of Work; Communication (36 items)
- Knowledge sharing scale : Knowledge Donating; Knowledge Collecting (8 items)
- LMX-7 scale : Leader-Member Exchange (7 items)
- OCB scale (OCBI/OCBO) : OCB directed at individuals (OCBI); OCB directed at the organization (OCBO) (16 items)
- Organizational commitment (OCQ) : Organizational Commitment (15 items)
- Organizational justice scale : Procedural Justice; Distributive Justice; Interpersonal Justice; Informational Justice (20 items)
- Overall job satisfaction (MOAQ) : Overall Job Satisfaction (3 items)
- Perceived CSR scale : CSR to Social and Non-social Stakeholders; CSR to Employees; CSR to Customers; CSR to Government (17 items)
- Perceived fit scale (P-O, P-J) : Person-Organization Fit; Needs-Supplies Fit; Demands-Abilities Fit (9 items)
- Perceived organizational support : Perceived Organizational Support (16 items)
- Perceived supervisor support : Perceived Supervisor Support (4 items)
- Psychological empowerment scale : Meaning; Competence; Self-determination; Impact (12 items)
- Servant leadership (SL-7) : Servant Leadership (7 items)
- Transformational leadership (GTL) : Transformational Leadership (7 items)
- Turnover intention (MOAQ) : Intention to Turnover (3 items)
- Work engagement (UWES-9) : Vigor; Dedication; Absorption (9 items)
- Work motivation scale (MWMS) : Amotivation; Extrinsic Regulation – Social; Extrinsic Regulation – Material; Introjected Regulation; Identified Regulation; Intrinsic Motivation (19 items)
- Work-life balance scale : Work-Life Balance (4 items)
Psychology & mental health
- Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale : Social Media Addiction (6 items)
- Big Five Inventory-10 (BFI-10) : Extraversion; Agreeableness; Conscientiousness; Neuroticism; Openness (10 items)
- Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) : Resilience (ability to bounce back) (6 items)
- Brief Self-Control Scale : Self-Control (13 items)
- Copenhagen Burnout Inventory : Personal Burnout; Work-related Burnout; Client-related Burnout (19 items)
- DASS-21 scale : Depression; Anxiety; Stress (21 items)
- Educational Stress Scale (ESSA) : Pressure from study; Workload; Worry about grades; Self-expectation; Despondency (16 items)
- Fear of Missing Out scale : Fear of Missing Out (10 items)
- GAD-7 anxiety scale : Anxiety Severity (7 items)
- General Self-Efficacy Scale : General Self-Efficacy (10 items)
- Mindfulness scale (MAAS) : Mindful Attention Awareness (15 items)
- MSLQ motivation scales : Intrinsic Goal Orientation; Task Value; Self-Efficacy for Learning and Performance (18 items)
- Perceived social support (MSPSS) : Significant Other; Family; Friends (12 items)
- Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) : Perceived Stress (10 items)
- PHQ-9 depression scale : Depression Severity (9 items)
- Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale : Self-Esteem (10 items)
- Satisfaction With Life Scale : Satisfaction With Life (5 items)
- Smartphone addiction (SAS-SV) : Smartphone Addiction (10 items)
- Three-item loneliness scale : Loneliness (3 items)